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Beehive Construction - Done!!

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Beehive Construction - Done!!

Postby Phil » 08 Aug 2022, 13:21

Beehive Construction

Part 1 of another exciting wood project, something very different this time, and no rocket science (says he full of confidence).

A very old friend of mine lives on a farm close by and has a couple of hives.
We visited recently and he asked if I could make a hive. He will let me have an old hive as a sample.

A requirement of the new hive was to have a slightly longer landing strip, not for heavily laden bees to land but for a holding cage. Will deal with that one later on.

The sample box arrived one Friday and went onto the patio, certainly no place in the garage!


OldHiveOnSite.jpg
Old hive at farm on it's stand
(62.85 KiB)


Sample Box -

Sample1.jpg
Sample box - 30mm landing strip
(45.48 KiB)

Sample2.jpg
Sample box
(43.86 KiB)

Sample3.jpg
Sample box
(49.28 KiB)

Sample4.jpg
Sample box - queen bee excluder (plastic)
(56.21 KiB)

Sample5.jpg
Sample box
(45.66 KiB)

Sample6.jpg
Sample box
(46.07 KiB)

Sample7.jpg
Sample box
(35.76 KiB)


SampleBoxCorner.jpg
Sample box corner
(30.82 KiB)


First up was measuring the internal dimensions of the brood box (queen bee breeding) and super (honey) box as these are important for hanging the frames. The outside measurements would be adjusted accordingly.

Before putting pencil to paper I did some WWW searching. This is a 10 frame Langstroth hive.
The Reverend Lorenzo Langstroth patented the design in in 1852.

Some reading:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langstroth_hive

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Langstroth

It was then down to measuring existing boxes and drawing to scale to get a feeling and plan of action.
Also to plan the works order process to eliminate cock-ups – aka F-Up-F.

DrawingToScale.jpg
Drawing to scale - Manual CAD
(33.02 KiB)


As this is a “test” run I decided to use good ‘ol SA Pine with all its defects.
The M-Cad-BOM calculated I need 2 lengths of 20 x 305 x 3000mm. With very careful nesting and cutting I should be ok (famous last words! The F-Up-Fairy paid a visit or two ……… )

20mm thick? Will deal with this later on.

The width of the boards required were 150mm for top and 255mm bottom. The 305mm width is a good choice.

BOM.jpg
M-Cad generated BOM
(29.51 KiB)


Visited first Mica (4.5km from home) stock not what I want. Next onto Chamberlains (5.5km from home).

Ok, a large number of boards on the shelf.
Start unpacking the shelf looking for straightest, no warp, as few knots as possible, no wavey bends, clean boards.
Fortunately, Chamberlains employs young chaps to do this work, I struggle a bit with the long boards.
Once I had paid he even loaded it onto the back of the LDV. (Declined a tip).

Back home, the wife was away visiting kids for 2 days, more space in the garage. Machines were moved so that I could rip cut, crosscut, and use the router table.
So, I could now offload and did the first cuts on the RAS.

CuttingList.jpg
Another M-Cad generated list
(23.12 KiB)


Measure and cut trying to avoid having the knots on a joint.
The first board (#1) was cut at 1040mm long. This is the 4 top panels.
Then to the table saw to do the ripping into 150mm widths. These boards went back to the RAS for cutting – 2 x 510mm and 2 x 415mm
Top box cut, mark with chalk and place carefully in a safe place ready for further machining.
Board #1 left over was than trimmed on the table saw to a width of 255mm.
Then back to the RAS to cut 2 x 510mm and 2 x 415mm
Bottom box cut, mark with chalk and place carefully in a safe place ready for further machining.

Board #2 would provide the base and top.
The base being 415mm wide and 700mm long required 2 boards to be joined.
Lots of glue and a couple of #20 biscuits. Clamped down, there was a slight ridge where the 2 boards are joined (not sure of cause, but will look at it when out of clamps)

FirstBaseGlueUp.jpg
Base glue up - first effort
(40.3 KiB)


BaseJoined_2.jpg
Base joined - first effort
(39.16 KiB)


While this was curing, time to plan the handholds for the boxes.

Handholds

Each box and side gets a handhold for picking them up.
This is what the sample box looks like

OldHandHole.jpg
Old hand holds - 1 per panel
(31.67 KiB)


The easiest way is on the router table using a straight fluting bit.
As this is a blind-upside-down rout, a paper template is drawn for the narrow and wider boards.

HandHoleTemplate.jpg
Template for routing the hand holds
(30.86 KiB)


The router table is prepared, the bit raised to the right height, the fence set back from the bit.
The template is then used to clamp down some scraps on the sides and front.
Ear protection on, vacuum switches on with the router, first board placed down.
Move board around side ways and back to front. Lift off – looks good.
Same process for all the other boards, just moving the scraps for the longer boards.

HandHoleRouting.jpg
Routing the hand holds
(25.55 KiB)


AllCutRoutedHandHoles.jpg
All hand holds routed
(15.22 KiB)


HandHoldsCut.jpg
Panels cut - hand holds being routed and entrance
(31.06 KiB)


Hand holds cut and front entrance routed

Right, a design error. The bottom side of the hand hold needs to be sloped down so as not to accumulate water.
I only realised this after assembly and it was too late to do anything about it. The boxes had already been undercoated for painting.



Rebate for frames
The width side of the box has a rebate at the top where the frames are placed.
The measurement is taken from the sample box (this will come back and bite later on)
Easy job.
Set the fluting bit in the router. Mark a board.
Push the 4 boards over, adjust the height until rebate correct size.

RoutingRebates.jpg
Routing the frame rebates
(34.65 KiB)


Adjusting the height is a bit of a schlep – The table top lifts up and has a stay to keep it there and a slide over the join. (the slide was fitted afterwards - after I was in a hurry one day, bumped the stay, just could not get my hand out fast enough. The middle finger was caught and fractured. The table top weight is very heavy, the top is 20mm MDF, the large Ryobi router and then the heavy fence) There was lots of blue air.
Had to wear a splint, it leant a whole new meaning to flipping the bird :lol: :lol:

Thank you for reading
Phil
Last edited by Phil on 30 Sep 2022, 13:52, edited 5 times in total.
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby greeno » 08 Aug 2022, 16:14

Looks like fun, not sure you'll be able to get it, but there's a program here "river cottage", he was building a "natural" beehive which was essentially a hollow log on end, about 2m off the ground, allegedly makes for a happier bee.
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby Phil » 09 Aug 2022, 06:06

greeno wrote:Looks like fun, not sure you'll be able to get it, but there's a program here "river cottage", he was building a "natural" beehive which was essentially a hollow log on end, about 2m off the ground, allegedly makes for a happier bee.


Interesting, how does he harvest the honey?
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby greeno » 09 Aug 2022, 15:32

Not sure i can answer that question, but this is the guy who supplied it:

https://beekindhives.uk/
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby Phil Pascoe » 09 Aug 2022, 19:00

It's the problem with more "natural" types of hives - it's difficult to harvest the honey without a lot of damage. Bees apparently use 7lb of honey to produce 1lb of beeswax, so anything that helps preserve the beeswax is good - decent comb is repaired and thus recycled. I kept bees until a sting nearly killed me, and got a third prize for comb at Royal Cornwall Show (the fifth biggest honey show in the Country) at my first attempt at showing before I had to stop.
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby Phil » 11 Aug 2022, 06:26

greeno wrote:Not sure i can answer that question, but this is the guy who supplied it:
https://beekindhives.uk/


Thanks, interesting site.

Phil Pascoe wrote:It's the problem with more "natural" types of hives - it's difficult to harvest the honey without a lot of damage. Bees apparently use 7lb of honey to produce 1lb of beeswax, so anything that helps preserve the beeswax is good - decent comb is repaired and thus recycled. I kept bees until a sting nearly killed me, and got a third prize for comb at Royal Cornwall Show (the fifth biggest honey show in the Country) at my first attempt at showing before I had to stop.


I will not be doing any harvesting 8-) 8-)
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Re: Beehive Construction

Postby Phil » 20 Aug 2022, 09:00

Beehive Construction - continued

Next up the joints ………………..

Joints
Looking at the supplied example boxes and some internet research, box joints were the way to go. Lots of glue surface and some nice long sturdy galvanised nails.

The joint for the 150mm wide boards – 6 @ 25mm each.
This was drawn to scale and will then be transferred to the boards.
Important to remember that the top cut-out will be on the short side.

DrawingBoxJoints.jpg
Drawing the box joints to scale
(22.65 KiB)


The boards were numbered and marked, keeping them side by side to ensure the correct cut outs.

BoxJointLayout.jpg
Laying out the box joints
(22.57 KiB)


I then used the Polycut Hegner to do the cutting.

3
BoxJoints_Cut.jpg
Cutting of the box joints
(32.91 KiB)


AllSidesCut.jpg
All sides cut
(26.91 KiB)


BoxJoints_1.jpg
Checking fit
(34.51 KiB)


BoxJointsTestFit1.jpg
Checking fit
(18.24 KiB)


BoxJointsTestFit2.jpg
Checking fit
(18.48 KiB)


The boards were then mated.

F----$#%$^)(()%$--K The mating not that great.

{BoxJointGaps} 8
BoxJointGaps.jpg
The box joint gaps
(16.67 KiB)


Some were a good fit.

Others required some tweaking with a rasp and chisel.

Before losing my temper and destroying the work, make some coffee, sit on the work bench and think.
Ok first check the cut out sizes, fractional differences not serious. Next out with the vernier and check the board thickness.

When they sell the boards as 20mm, it is not specified that it is a nominal 20mm, and can vary between 18mm and 21mm - GRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr.
That now explains the ridge on the join of the base. And also the box join variations.
Too late to do anything about it, apart from creating lots of firewood which will not happen.

Each join gets copious amount of glue and also a galvanised nail.
I also have a small glue injector ……..

GlueInjector.jpg
Glue injector for filling any gaps (largest needle I could find)
(31.52 KiB)


The nail hole is pre-drilled only through the straight grain. It will go into end grain.
A small complicated and expensive template made for drilling the holes.

TemplatesFor DrillingNailHoles.jpg
The templates used to drill the holes for the nails
(19.24 KiB)

(Some thin cardboard.)

One for the top join and one for all the others. The top join is where the rebate is routed.

After wasting a lot of time fiddling with the joint fit it was time to glue up.
The Super box on the left assembled and the brood box in front.

BroodBoxFrame.jpg
Brood box frame flue up
(45.92 KiB)


AssemblyBroodBox.jpg
Final assembling of the brood box
(22.42 KiB)


JoiningHoneyBox.jpg
Glue up of honey box
(40.14 KiB)


JoiningHoneyBoxFrame2.jpg
Honey box final glue up
(25.12 KiB)


Frames – honey & breeding

The frames are different widths, the honey frame narrower.
They rest on the rebates that were cut out.

Honey frame in super box – good fit. I had added an extra 1.5mm depth ‘wiggle room’.

HoneyBoxFrame.jpg
The honey frame in the honey box - good fit
(32.15 KiB)


Brood frame is a lot wider, hence the box a lot deeper.
Something does not look right ………..

The top of the frame is too high and will interfere with the queen-excluder.

CheckingFrameFit.jpg
The brood frame being fitted
(35.83 KiB)


Where did I go wrong? Back out to the sample box and measure.
The rebate is nearly 3mm deeper. The design twit only measured the top box and routed both boxes same depth. More blue air.

FUF.jpg
The rebate routed is too shallow
(22.26 KiB)


FUF_Visit_rebatetooshallow.jpg
The rebate routed is too shallow
(23.95 KiB)


To rectify this FUP, I tried using the Stanley plough plane. No good.

Back to the router table. Set the flute bit to the right height. Move fence, place box down, tighten everything.
Now rout very carefully – couple of small oopses ……….
Rebate now correct depth. Good recovery.

A test fit of the boxes and roof.

FirstTestFit.jpg
First test fit of the boxes and roof
(32.59 KiB)


Thank you for reading
Standby for another action packed instalment.
Phil
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Malc2098 » 20 Aug 2022, 09:11

Nice job.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby mjdewet » 20 Aug 2022, 17:16

Nicely done there Phil. So good to see that you did not allow the bees to get under the bonnet...

Though, as you stated: 20mm wood SA style can be anything from 18mm to 21 mm...
And if you query it: Ja-well that's just the way we get from the supplier.. GRRRR * 10
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Robert » 20 Aug 2022, 22:40

Never knew there was so much involved in a bee hive. Skimmed through that wiki link. Seems bees like certain dimensions and don't build into smaller spaces like the gap between frame and case sides.

So you must be researching as well as copying a sample. Tempted to make another one for yourself?
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby AJB Temple » 20 Aug 2022, 22:58

A practical tip.

One of the big disadvantages of the Langstroth design, especially for older female beekeepers, is the impractical hand hold design. These boxes are a good deal bigger than nationals and a super full of honey, or a brood box that is full, is seriously heavy.

Don't bother cutting the finger lifts - they are hopeless. Screw on metal handholds instead (available from Thorne bee supplies or Amazon). These are MUCH better.

My bee mentor is Judy, like many bee keepers she is getting on, and she has 15 Langstroth hives and has already harvested 240kg of honey this year with about half that still to harvest and 25kg of honey per hive left for winter feed. She cannot lift a super with a finger slot.

I am in the process of switching from National to Langstroth as the latter supports larger bee colonies much better than Nationals and the boxes are dead easy to make.

Box thickness is irrelevant as long as your queen excluder fits without gaps and the crown boards etc fit well. Queen excluders bought commercially are a standard size and assume a 20mm thickness but are easily altered to make a bit bigger if necessary. The internal dimensions for frames, and of course the bee space, are more critical. If the bee space above frames is too big the bees will fill it with comb in about 3 days.

Nice job on the boxes. Keeping bees is fun but challenging. We collected a late open swarm yesterday morning into a poly nuc, and they had all b*ggered off by 8pm (we left the nuc open to collect the flying bees before relocating to our garden).
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Phil » 21 Aug 2022, 14:04

Malc2098 wrote:Nice job.


Thank you, Malcolm.



mjdewet wrote:Nicely done there Phil. So good to see that you did not allow the bees to get under the bonnet...
Though, as you stated: 20mm wood SA style can be anything from 18mm to 21 mm...
And if you query it: Ja-well that's just the way we get from the supplier.. GRRRR * 10



Thanks Thys, I steer clear of the bees :lol:
I now take an old tape with me and start measuring the boards.
I go to Chamberlains, they have a better selection than Mica, and no attitude about unpacking the shelf, yet.

I visited Silverton Houthandelaars on Friday looking at their timber stock and quality for when I start the next hive from scratch. You have Rare Woods in Epping who have an offcut warehouse. Years ago I used to visit a factory around the corner, go through the offcut bins, get a nice pile together, take it back to the factory where they wrapped it in cardboard and strapped it. Then on the Friday afternoon flew back home and booked the bundle in as luggage. Not the least bit of hassle, the local BA franchise. “Mr du Preez we have upgraded you to business class, hope you don’t mind.” Hell no, the lounge is great, the meals great and better booze. :D :D



Robert wrote:Never knew there was so much involved in a bee hive. Skimmed through that wiki link. Seems bees like certain dimensions and don't build into smaller spaces like the gap between frame and case sides.
So you must be researching as well as copying a sample. Tempted to make another one for yourself?



Robert, there is a bucket full of info on the web, including plans. I downloaded and used it as a reference as well as the sample box.
I have threatened the old fogies that I will make one and install it in the wild area left for the buck and other animals. The bunny huggers are not impressed.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Phil » 21 Aug 2022, 14:06

AJB Temple wrote:A practical tip.

One of the big disadvantages of the Langstroth design, especially for older female beekeepers, is the impractical hand hold design. These boxes are a good deal bigger than nationals and a super full of honey, or a brood box that is full, is seriously heavy.

Don't bother cutting the finger lifts - they are hopeless. Screw on metal handholds instead (available from Thorne bee supplies or Amazon). These are MUCH better.

My bee mentor is Judy, like many bee keepers she is getting on, and she has 15 Langstroth hives and has already harvested 240kg of honey this year with about half that still to harvest and 25kg of honey per hive left for winter feed. She cannot lift a super with a finger slot.

I am in the process of switching from National to Langstroth as the latter supports larger bee colonies much better than Nationals and the boxes are dead easy to make.

Box thickness is irrelevant as long as your queen excluder fits without gaps and the crown boards etc fit well. Queen excluders bought commercially are a standard size and assume a 20mm thickness but are easily altered to make a bit bigger if necessary. The internal dimensions for frames, and of course the bee space, are more critical. If the bee space above frames is too big the bees will fill it with comb in about 3 days.

Nice job on the boxes. Keeping bees is fun but challenging. We collected a late open swarm yesterday morning into a poly nuc, and they had all b*ggered off by 8pm (we left the nuc open to collect the flying bees before relocating to our garden).



Adrian, thank you very much for that tip. I will look and see what is available locally. Makes good sense. I will also run it past my friend, who is the bee keeper and harvester.

What does Judy do in winter for bee food? Our winters are very dry and unless you plant flowers for feed there is not much going.

The Langstroth is easy to make, just need to source the right timber. Box joints are the way to go.
I kept one of each frames for clearance. The excluder, metal, is the same size as the boxes, 510mm x 415mm (give or take 2mm) and less than 5mm thick.

The timber merchant I visited on Friday has some very nice clear Pine. Raw size 25 x 152 x 3000mm. the 152 might be a bit narrow once edged.
Their industrial pine comes in wider widths, did not look at any.
She recommends the Pine as everyone uses it for hives.
They also have some nice Meranti, not sure how that will stand up to the weather.
They also have Cedar but not recommended for outside use.

My friend bought a Langstroth 5 frame nuc. Also looks quite easy to make. It is made from ply, and if local certainly not the greatest quality.

These hives are all getting pitched rooves, if you are interested I can scan the measurements. I am busy on the roof for the old hive, new hive roof finished.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby AJB Temple » 21 Aug 2022, 21:27

Hi Phil

Judy leaves at least 40 lbs of honeycomb in each hive for winter and if necessary (rare) feeds 2:1 syrup by weight. You can buy 20kg of invert enhanced syrup delivered for £35. Much less if people club together and buy by the pallet.

Just for interest, at this time of year, Thorne's have an end of season sale. I bought two cedar 2nds (more knotty) langstroth hives with brood box, 2 supers, queen excluder (metal with wood frame, bottom mesh, bee entrance and lid with galvanised cover, and all frames and foundation for the boxes for £85 and £135 respectively, free delivery. Flat pack but assembly is easy. Frankly I can't buy all of the materials (decent cedar, galv and mesh, foundation etc) to make them for that. They had base stands with landing boards for £20 each but they are so basic I make those as any old wood will do. I will fit metal handles and so will you when you have lifted a full super or brood box!
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Phil » 24 Aug 2022, 10:14

Adrian, looks like a good purchase. Cant comment on the price.
If I convert to local it is about ZAR4k whereas the one I saw in the shop was ZAR1100

I have not costed up a new hive from scratch using some decent timber yet. Will be doing so in the near future.

I have surfed handles and they are available locally.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress

Postby Phil » 03 Sep 2022, 13:50

Beehive Construction - continued


Assembly – Brood Box to base

Test fit of the brood box on the base.

%$$)(*^ SH1T, the base width is 5mm narrower than the box. I obviously got a bit over enthusiastic when trimming the edges on the router table.

Base_5mm_OUT.jpg
Floor is 5mm too narrow for the brood box
(22.78 KiB)


Onto the table saw, cut off next to first join (40mm away for biscuits).
Then cut new piece.
Feed both pieces through the TP set to 19mm.

Boards for fixing the base.

StockFixBase.jpg
Stock to fix up the base
(20.4 KiB)


Rout for biscuits, glue up and join. Much better!

Before the feet are screwed on, the brood box is fitted and marked for drilling holes. The screws will be fitted from the bottom.
All holes counter sunk.
A test fit, showing the entrance (130mm long and 12mm high) and the extended landing strip.

Entrance_Extended_LandingStrip.jpg
Hive entrance with the extended landing strip. To accommodate fully laden jumbo bees!
(34.48 KiB)


DrillingScrewingBroodBox_Floor.jpg
Drilling and screwing the brood box to the floot
(25.65 KiB)


The inside of the brood box before Waksol.

InsideBroodBox}.jpg
Inside of brood box
(25.53 KiB)



Next the feet are cut to length, holes drilled and counter sunk.
There are 3 feet. Back, under front of brood box and end of landing strip.
Lots of glue, 7 screws. All screws used are chipboard screws.

GluingScrewingFeet.jpg
Gluing and screwing the feet
(31.09 KiB)


In-between the super and brood boxes is the queen bee excluder. The sample box has a plastic one which becomes brittle and breaks when removing the boxes to take out the honey.
A decision was taken to purchase a metal one. twice the price of the plastic, but with an unlimited lifetime.

ExcluderSteel.JPG
Queen bee excluder in steel
(21.32 KiB)


When fitting the two boxes there were minor gaps on opposite sides. This was rectified with a bit of rasping until a nice flush fit.

MinorGap.jpg
Minor gaps on join between the boxes
(25.78 KiB)


MinorGap1.jpg
Minor gaps on join between the boxes
(26.55 KiB)


The roof was an 18mm ply offcut that I had in stock and needed only a minor trim to size.
Here is the final test fitting and tweaking.

TestFitFinalTweaks.jpg
Test fitting and final tweaks
(23.71 KiB)


Finishing
All knots were covered with epoxy, inside and outside, to ensure no movement.

EpoxyKnots.jpg
Epoxy for the knots
(35.61 KiB)


The internal joins were all covered with glue to ensure no gaps.

Finish of the boxes will be:

Inside – Waksol

Waksol.jpg
Waksol
(48.27 KiB)


Outside – universal undercoat
Outdoor enamel (Colour broken white was in stock)

Waksol_Inside_HoneyBox.jpg
Waksol applied to inside of honey box
(43.15 KiB)


The Waksol takes a long time to dry.

FirstUnderCoat.jpg
Universal Undercoat
(30.99 KiB)


UndercoatDryingOutside}.jpg
Undercoat drying outside in the sun
(21.54 KiB)


FirstEnamelCoat.jpg
First coat of enamel
(23.96 KiB)


Both boxes are on an outside table under the awning letting the sun bake them and get rid of the paint smell

Next job will be the roof, and then the holding cage.

Thank you for reading
Standby for another action packed instalment. :lol: :lol: :lol:

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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more

Postby Malc2098 » 03 Sep 2022, 14:45

Nice job!
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more

Postby AJB Temple » 03 Sep 2022, 14:49

Nice work Phil

Over here we always use metal rails for the frames to drop on to. Makes them easier to unstick, especially this time of year when the bees are producing propolis like it's going out of fashion.

Interesting that your wax frames are cross wired. I only really see them with V shaped wiring so you can catch the wires in the frames on assembly. I made up another 20 frames yesterday. Today was just getting a hive ready to move and was stung six times on each hand, through gloves. I never get stung - lo and behold the queen had been replaced, so just marked her as well as she is nice and dark and laying well.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more

Postby Phil » 04 Sep 2022, 06:06

Malc2098 wrote:Nice job!


Thanks Malc 8-)


AJB Temple wrote:Nice work Phil

Over here we always use metal rails for the frames to drop on to. Makes them easier to unstick, especially this time of year when the bees are producing propolis like it's going out of fashion.

Interesting that your wax frames are cross wired. I only really see them with V shaped wiring so you can catch the wires in the frames on assembly. I made up another 20 frames yesterday. Today was just getting a hive ready to move and was stung six times on each hand, through gloves. I never get stung - lo and behold the queen had been replaced, so just marked her as well as she is nice and dark and laying well.



Thanks Adrian 8-)

The metal rails sound a good idea. I suppose those aluminium corner strips used with tiles would work.
The closest I get to bees are in our garden :D
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more

Postby Malc2098 » 15 Sep 2022, 22:07

Anyone remember this lady? Now she's harvesting honey.

https://youtu.be/Tzx1pRIZhew
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more

Postby Phil » 24 Sep 2022, 10:10

Malc2098 wrote:Anyone remember this lady? Now she's harvesting honey.

https://youtu.be/Tzx1pRIZhew



She makes it look so easy!
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress & a bit more - Nearly Do

Postby Phil » 24 Sep 2022, 10:52

Beehive Construction - continued

Roof
Customer wants a pitched roof (there are examples on the internet.)
Back to the Excel-Cad ……………

Proposed roof.jpg
Proposed roof design
(27.37 KiB)


Then to the large white paper to do a full scale drawing.

DrawingRoofTrusses.jpg
Drawing the roof truss
(26.74 KiB)


The middle of the pitch is 50mm high
The length of the truss will be 516mm
Each end 7mm high
There will be 5 trusses
The 2 end trusses will be ‘blank’ and the 3 middle ones will each have 3 holes drilled. This to allow for air circulation.

The drawing was used to cut a template for marking the wood which would be cut on the RAS.
Will need to make a better template if I will be doing a couple of roofs.

RoofTrussesStockCut.jpg
Roof trusses cut stock
(31.7 KiB)


RoofTrusses_Cut.jpg
Roof trusses cut
(40.45 KiB)


RoofTrusses_Cut2.jpg
Roof trusses cut
(34.66 KiB)


The holes were drilled using Forstners.

The roof consists of the 18mm ply, a 50mm frame around the sides with the front extending another 170mm over the landing strip. The frame will be joined to the ply with #20 biscuits.

The roof covering is tin plate, specially cut to size and supplied by the customer, which will extend past the trusses by 50mm front and back.

The overhang is about 25mm.

The frame long sides needed to be longer, so I joined an extra piece.

{Roofframeextension} 6 Not sure where the pic is!!!!!!!!!!!

Gluing the frames to the ply
All pieces laid out and marked for the biscuits

RoofFrameBiscuits.jpg
Roof and frame marked for #20 biscuits
(35.02 KiB)


Roof FrameGlueUpBack.jpg
Roof frame gluing up the back
(37.74 KiB)


RoofFrameGlueUpSides.jpg
Roof frame side being glued up
(46.04 KiB)


FrameGetsLongNail-Dowel.jpg
Frame gets a long nail as a dowel (could not biscuit the last join)
(28.86 KiB)


RoofReadyForTrusses.jpg
Roof all done ready for the trusses
(30.24 KiB)


The bottom of the roof gets 3 strips of wood for centring on top of the box.

BottomOfRoofCenteringStops.jpg
Bottom of roof with centring strips
(43.12 KiB)


TrussesScrewedOn.jpg
Trusses all screwed on
(41.88 KiB)


The roof, top & bottom, then received 2 coats of Waksol, left standing for a couple of days, before fitting the tin.

RoofWithWaksol.jpg
Roof timber coated with Waksol
(39.96 KiB)


The roof was now ready for the tin.

TestFit.jpg
Test fitting the tin to the trusses
(39.76 KiB)


First a paper template of the truss marking where the screws are.
The holes for the roof screws are then marked.
Then another template the length of the tin marking where the trusses are.
A permanent marker pen, the paper templates, and the marks made for drilling.
Stainless steel screws will be used as well as silicone onto the truss and then on top before the screw goes in.

Some scrap wood was clamped to centre the tin on the frame.

ScrapClamped.jpg
Scrap wood clamped on to keep alignment
(37.31 KiB)


The centre of the roof was clamped down and the first hole drilled on the top right, screw driven part way.
Same on left.
Clamp length of roof down to get a snug fit.
Then back to right and drill and screw the other 3
Then alternate sides until all screws are part way in.

TinOnTruss_End.jpg
Tin on the end truss
(33.56 KiB)


Looks ok.

AllScrewedDown.jpg
The roof screwed down. Stainless steel screws, 8 per truss, 5 trusses = 40 screws
(31.4 KiB)


Take all the screws out, lift tin, glob of silicone on truss hole, tin back, glob of silicone on hole, screw the screws back in, in the same order previously screwed.

I will need to tweak my template as the bottom screw on the roof is too close to the truss-roof screw. (Cant blame the FUF for that one)

To be continued ………………..


{Edit - correct some spelling ........}
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress - Nearly done!

Postby Andyp » 24 Sep 2022, 11:56

Fast becoming a 5 star beehive.

I can only imagine the buzz you will get when it’s finished. :)
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cheers
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress - Nearly done!

Postby AJB Temple » 24 Sep 2022, 12:15

Well done.

You don't need to worry too much about small gaps in the box joints as the bees will go round and gum everything up anyway.

Very important to have no gaps between the boxes though, as wasps and wax moths will try to get in. And mice if they get chance.
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Re: Beehive Construction - progress - Nearly done!

Postby AJB Temple » 24 Sep 2022, 12:18

I'm wondering how the hive is ventilated?

In Europe, the hive base is usually wire mesh (too small for bees to get through) and beneath this is a slide in board that can be used for reducing ventilation in winter and also as a varroa mite collection board. We usually ventilate the roof a bit as well.
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